The Panel on Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents (the Panel) updated the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents with HIV. Highlights from the updated sections are summarized below:

Hepatitis B Virus

• Updated the information on vaccines to recommend a double-dose recombinant hepatitis B vaccine and to include as an alternative the recombinant HBsAg vaccine conjugated to CpG 1018 (Heplisav-B).
• Emphasized avoidance of dolutegravir/lamivudine (3TC) for antiretroviral therapy for people who are HBsAg positive because 3TC is the only active drug against hepatitis B virus in this regimen.

Immunization

• Harmonized recommendations for the hepatitis B vaccine with the updated Hepatitis B Virus section (see above).
• Noted that two new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are now preferred for protection against invasive pneumococcal disease: PCV15 (given in series with PPSV23) and PCV20 (given as a single vaccine).
• Recommended the recombinant herpes zoster vaccine (RZV) for all individuals with HIV who are 18 years and older rather than 50 years and older.

For a list of recent updates, please see What's New in the Guidelines. To view or download the guidelines, go to the Adult and Adolescent Opportunistic Infection Guidelines section of Clinicalinfo’s website. The guidelines tables and recommendations also can be downloaded as separate PDF files.

Clinicalinfo welcomes your feedback on the latest revisions to the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents with HIV. Please send your comments with the subject line “Adult and Adolescent Opportunistic Infection Guidelines” to HIVinfo@NIH.gov by September 28, 2022.