The Panel on Opportunistic Infections in Children with and Exposed to HIV (the Panel) updated the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Children with and Exposed to HIV. Highlights from the updated sections are summarized below:

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

• Added recommendations for dolutegravir- and raltegravir-based antiretroviral (ARV) regimens in the context of tuberculosis (TB) disease for children >20 kg and <20 kg, respectively.
• Added references to American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidance that recommends interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) to diagnose latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in children ≥2 years old.
• Added recommendations that children ≥2 years old with HIV infection who are receiving ARV regimens with acceptable drug-drug interactions with rifapentine can receive the 12-dose isoniazid-rifapentine LTBI treatment regimen.

For a list of recent updates, please see What's New in the Guidelines. To view or download the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Children with and Exposed to HIV, go to the Clinicalinfo website. The guidelines tables and recommendations also can be downloaded as separate PDF files.

Clinicalinfo welcomes your feedback on the latest revisions to the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Children with and Exposed to HIV. Please send your comments with the subject line “Pediatric Opportunistic Infections Guidelines” to HIVinfo@NIH.gov by October 5, 2023.