Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Pediatric HIV Infection

Management of Medication Toxicity or Intolerance

Gastrointestinal Effects

References

1. Basile FW, Fedele MC, Lo Vecchio A. Gastrointestinal diseases in children living with HIV. Microorganisms. 2021;9(8). Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34442651.
2. Buck WC, Kabue MM, Kazembe PN, Kline MW. Discontinuation of standard first-line antiretroviral therapy in a cohort of 1,434 Malawian children. J Int AIDS Soc. 2010;13:31. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20691049.
3. Castro JG, Chin-Beckford N. Crofelemer for the symptomatic relief of non-infectious diarrhea in adult patients with HIV/AIDS on anti-retroviral therapy. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2015;8(6):683-690. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26517110.
4. Clay PG, Crutchley RD. Noninfectious diarrhea in HIV seropositive individuals: a review of prevalence rates, etiology, and management in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy. Infect Dis Ther. 2014;3(2):103-122. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25388760.
5. Dikman AE, Schonfeld E, Srisarajivakul NC, Poles MA. Human immunodeficiency virus-associated diarrhea: still an issue in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Dig Dis Sci. 2015;60(8):2236-2245. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25772777.
6. Logan C, Beadsworth MB, Beeching NJ. HIV and diarrhoea: what is new? Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2016;29(5):486-494. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27472290.
7. Malan N, Su J, Mancini M, et al. Gastrointestinal tolerability and quality of life in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients: data from the CASTLE study. AIDS Care. 2010;22(6):677-686. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20467943.
8. Nachman SA, Chernoff M, Gona P, et al. Incidence of noninfectious conditions in perinatally HIV-infected children and adolescents in the HAART era. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009;163(2):164-171. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19188649.
9. Oumar AA, Diallo K, Dembele JP, et al. Adverse drug reactions to antiretroviral therapy: prospective study in children in Sikasso (Mali). J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2012;17(4):382-388. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23411444.
10. Szoke D, Ridolfo A, Valente C, Galli M, Panteghini M. Frequency of pancreatic hyperamylasemia in human immunodeficiency virus–positive patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era. Am J Clin Pathol. 2016;145(1):128-133. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26712880.
11. Tian X, Yao Y, He G, Jia Y, Wang K, Chen L. Systematic analysis of safety profile for darunavir and its boosted agents using data mining in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):12438. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34127681.
12. Tukei VJ, Asiimwe A, Maganda A, et al. Safety and tolerability of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected children and adolescents in Uganda. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012;59(3):274-280. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22126740.
13. Wattanutchariya N, Sirisanthana V, Oberdorfer P. Effectiveness and safety of protease inhibitor-based regimens in HIV-infected Thai children failing first-line treatment. HIV Med. 2013;14(4):226-232. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23094820.
14. Wegzyn CM, Fredrick LM, Stubbs RO, Woodward WC, Norton M. Diarrhea associated with lopinavir/ritonavir-based therapy: results of a meta-analysis of 1,469 HIV-1-infected participants. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic). 2012;11(4):252-259. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22544446.