| AASLD | American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases |
| ACOG | American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists |
| ACTG | AIDS Clinical Trials Group |
| ALT | alanine aminotransferase |
| anti-HBc | anti-hepatitis B core antibody |
| anti-HBs | hepatitis B surface antibody |
| aOR | adjusted odds ratio |
| aHR | adjusted hazard ratio |
| aRR | adjusted risk ratio |
| ART | antiretroviral therapy |
| ARV | antiretroviral |
| AUC | area under the curve |
| AUC0-24h | area under the curve from 0 to 24 hours |
| BMC | bone mineral content |
| BMD | bone mineral density |
| BSID III | Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition |
| BMI | body mass index |
| BHIVA | British HIV Association |
| C12h | concentration at 12 hours postdose |
| C24h | concentration at 24 hours postdose |
| CAR | chimeric antigen receptor |
| cCMV | congenital cytomegalovirus |
| CCR5 | C-C chemokine receptor type 5
|
| CD4 | CD4 T lymphocyte |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| CI | confidence interval |
| CK | creatine kinase |
| CL/F | apparent clearance |
| Cmax | maximum plasma concentration |
| Cmin | minimum plasma concentration |
| CMV | cytomegalovirus |
| Ctrough | trough concentration |
| CNSCOC | central nervous systemcombined oral contraceptives |
| COC | combined oral contraceptives |
| COC/P/R | combined oral contraceptives/patch/ring |
| CrCl | creatinine clearance |
| CYP | cytochrome P450 |
| CYP3A4 | cytochrome P450 3A4 |
| DAA | direct-acting antiviral |
| DBS | dried blood spots |
| DMC | Developmental Milestones Checklist |
| EC | enteric coated |
| EC95 | 95% maximal effective concentration |
| EE | ethinyl estradiol |
| ePPND | enhanced pre- and postnatal development |
| FDA | U.S. Food and Drug Administration |
| FDC | fixed-dose combination |
| GBS | group B streptococcus |
| GMC | geometric mean concentration |
| gp | glycoprotein |
| HAV | hepatitis A virus |
| HBIG | hepatitis B immune globulin |
| HBcAb | hepatitis B core antibody |
| HBeAb | hepatitis B e antibody |
| HBeAg | hepatitis B e antigen |
| HBsAb | hepatitis B surface antibody |
| HBsAg | hepatitis B surface antigen |
| HBV | hepatitis B virus |
| HCV | hepatitis C virus |
| HCAZ | head circumference–for–age z-scores |
| HEU | HIV exposed but uninfected |
| HD | high dose |
| HDP | hypertensive disorders of pregnancy |
| HUU | HIV unexposed and uninfected |
| HR | hazard ratio |
| HRSA | Health Resources and Services Administration |
| HSR | hypersensitivity reaction |
| IC50 | inhibitory concentration 50% |
| IDSA | Infectious Diseases Society of America |
| IGF | insulin-like growth factor |
| IgG | immunoglobulin G |
| IgM | immunoglobulin M |
| IM | intramuscular |
| INSTI | integrase strand transfer inhibitor |
| IPV | intimate partner violence |
| IQR | interquartile range |
| IRR | incidence rate ratio |
| IDSA | Infectious Diseases Society of America |
| IUD | intrauterine device |
| IUPC | intrauterine pressure catheter |
| IV | intravenous/intravenously |
| LA | long-acting |
| LARC | long-acting reversible contraceptive |
| LAZ | length-for-age z-scores |
| LBW | low birth weight |
| LGBTQIA+ | lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, and gender nonconforming |
| mtDNA | mitochondrial DNA |
| NAT | nucleic acid test |
| NE | norethindrone |
| NAT2 | N-acetyltransferase 2 |
| NHSS | National HIV Surveillance System |
| NICHD | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health |
| NNRTI | non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor/non-nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
| nPEP | non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis |
| NPHIV | non–perinatally acquired HIV |
| NRTI | nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor/nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
| NTD | neural tube defect |
| OARAC | Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council |
| OI | opportunistic infection |
| OR | odds ratio |
| The Panel | The Panel on Treatment of HIV in Pregnancy and Prevention of Perinatal Transmission |
| PBMC | peripheral blood mononuclear cells |
| PB | physiologically based |
| PBPK | physiologically based pharmacokinetic |
| PJP | Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia |
| PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
| PHIV | perinatally acquired HIV |
| PI | protease inhibitor |
| PI/r | ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor |
| PK | pharmacokinetic |
| PO | orally |
| POC | point of care |
| POP | progesterone-only oral contraceptive pill |
| PPI | proton pump inhibitor |
| PrEP | pre-exposure prophylaxis |
| PSED | Profile of Social Emotional Development |
| PTB | preterm birth |
| RAM | resistance-associated mutation |
| RCT | randomized controlled trial |
| RDS | respiratory distress syndrome |
| ROM | rupture of membranes |
| RR | relative risk |
| SGA | small for gestational age |
| SQ | subcutaneous |
| sPTB | spontaneous preterm birth |
| STI | sexually transmitted infection |
| t1/2app | terminal-phase half-life |
| TB | tuberculosis |
| Tdap | tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis |
| TDM | therapeutic drug monitoring |
| UGT | uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase |
| vPTB | very preterm birth |
| VL | viral load |
| vSGA | very small for gestational age |
| WAZ | weight-for-age z-scores |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| XR | extended release |
