Generic Name (Abbreviation) Trade Name |
Formulations | Dosing Recommendationsa | Elimination/ Metabolic Pathway | Serum/ Intracellular Half-Lives | Adverse Eventsb |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abacavir Note: Generic tablet formulation is available. |
Ziagen
Generic
FDC Tablets That Contain ABCc
STRs That Contain ABCd
|
Ziagen
See Appendix B, Tables 1 and 2 for dosing information for FDC tablets that contain ABC. |
Metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase and glucuronyl transferase 82% of ABC dose is excreted in the urine as metabolites of ABC. Dose adjustment is recommended in patients with hepatic insufficiency (see Appendix B, Table 12). |
1.5 hours/12–26 hours |
Patients who test positive for HLA-B*5701 are at the highest risk of experiencing HSRs. HLA screening should be done before initiating ABC. For patients with a history of HSRs, rechallenge is not recommended. Symptoms of HSRs may include fever, rash, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, malaise, fatigue, or respiratory symptoms (e.g., sore throat, cough, or shortness of breath). Some cohort studies suggest an increased risk of MI with recent or current use of ABC, but this risk is not substantiated in other studies. |
Emtricitabine |
Emtriva
FDC Tablets That Contain FTCc
STRs That Contain FTCd
|
Emtriva Capsule
Oral Solution
See Appendix B, Tables 1 and 2 for dosing information for FDC tablets that contain FTC. |
86% of FTC dose is excreted renally. See Appendix B, Table 12 for dosing recommendations in patients with renal insufficiency. |
10 hours/ >20 hours |
Minimal toxicity Hyperpigmentation/skin discoloration Severe acute exacerbation of hepatitis may occur in patients with HBV/HIV coinfection who discontinue FTC. |
Lamivudine Note: Generic products are available. |
Epivir
Generic
FDC Tablets That Contain 3TCc
STRs That Contain 3TCd
|
Epivir
See Appendix B, Tables 1 and 2 for dosing information for FDC tablets that contain 3TC. |
70% of 3TC dose is excreted renally. See Appendix B, Table 12 for dose recommendations in patients with renal insufficiency. |
5–7 hours/18–22 hours |
Minimal toxicity Severe acute exacerbation of hepatitis may occur in patients with HBV/HIV coinfection who discontinue 3TC. |
Tenofovir Alafenamide Note: Vemlidy is available as a 25-mg tablet for the treatment of HBV. |
FDC Tablets That Contain TAFc
STRs That Contain TAFd
|
See Appendix B, Tables 1 and 2 for dosing information for FDC tablets that contain TAF. |
Metabolized by cathepsin A See Appendix B, Table 12 for dosing recommendations in patients with renal insufficiency. |
0.5 hour/150–180 hours |
Renal insufficiency, Fanconi syndrome, and proximal renal tubulopathy are less likely to occur with TAF than with TDF. Osteomalacia and decreases in BMD are less likely to occur with TAF than with TDF. Severe acute exacerbation of hepatitis may occur in patients with HBV/HIV coinfection who discontinue TAF. Diarrhea, nausea, headache Greater weight increase has been reported with TAF than with TDF. |
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Note: Generic product is available. |
Viread
Generic
FDC Tablets that Contain TDFc
STRs that Contain TDFd
|
Viread
Mix oral powder with 2–4 ounces of a soft food that does not require chewing (e.g., applesauce, yogurt). Do not mix oral powder with liquid. See Appendix B, Tables 1 and 2 for dosing information for FDC tablets that contain TDF. |
Renal excretion is the primary route of elimination. See Appendix B, Table 12 for dose recommendations in patients with renal insufficiency. |
17 hours/ >60 hours |
Renal insufficiency, Fanconi syndrome, proximal renal tubulopathy Osteomalacia, decrease in BMD Asthenia, headache, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, flatulence Severe acute exacerbation of hepatitis may occur in patients with HBV/HIV coinfection who discontinue TDF. |
a For dose adjustments in patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency, see Appendix B, Table 12. When no food restriction is listed, the antiretroviral drug can be taken with or without food. b Also see Table 20. c See Appendix B, Table 2 for information about these formulations. d See Appendix B, Table 1 for information about these formulations. Key: 3TC = lamivudine; ABC = abacavir; BIC = bictegravir; BMD = bone mineral density; DOR = doravirine; DRV/c = darunavir/cobicistat; DTG = dolutegravir; EVG/c = elvitegravir/cobicistat; EFV = efavirenz; FDC = fixed-dose combination; FTC = emtricitabine; HBV = hepatitis B virus; HLA = human leukocyte antigen; HSR = hypersensitivity reaction; MI = myocardial infarction; PO = orally; RPV = rilpivirine; STR = single-tablet regimen; TAF = tenofovir alafenamide; TDF = tenofovir disoproxil fumarate |